coastal protection managementhard approach (structural)
seawalls
beach nourishment
In North Carolina we only use soft approaches, because one hard approaches aren't pretty, and if a hard seawall or breakwater was in the way of sea turtles trying to lay eggs those structures would be in the way, and they wouldn't be able to lay their eggs. |
rangelandsall desserts except barren deserts
all tundra vegitation around wetlands all savannas all shrublands open forest all grasslands not highly manamged pastured Rangeland is uncultivated land dominated by native plants: grasses, herbaceous broad- leaved plants (forbs) and shrubs is all land that is not farmland, dense forest, barren desert or land covered by soild rock, concrete, or glaciers incudes: grassland shrubland, savannas, and open woodlands rangelands are grazed, it important ecological process, but not all rangelands are grazed by livestock most rangeland is public land, meaning it is owned and managed by federal and state government for the good of the public. grazing on private land is wholly intergrated with public grazing lands rageland is good for Livestock Wildlife habitats Water Minerals (oil, coal, sulfur) Native plant products Recreation Open space Western heritage MULTIPLE USES because rangelands have many important uses, most rangelands are managed under principles of multiple uses. several uses or values if rangeland are managed simultaneously with care to avoid overuse or destruction of natural resources WHAT IS RANGE MANAGEMENT the term that best describes range management is: Integrated range management is the careful use and management of rangeland resources (plants, animals, soil, and water) to meet the needs and desires of society without damaging the resources the tricky part is that the "needs and desires of society" are continually changing livestock production has always been important but, greater management emphasis is now being placed on wildlife management, recreation, & water production TOOLS the proper use of rangeland is accomplished by several simple tools that must be continually monitored and adjusted fences can be placed to control how a pasture is grazed and provide seasons of years of rest from grazing the number of livestock can be increased or decreased to meet management objectives. very heavy grazing may be required for some needs, light grazing is necessary for other purposes the species of livestock to be grazed must be carefully selected because each species differs in the diet they select and different species of livestock also differ in type of terrain they use invasion of weeds on rangelands is a growing problem. range managers often need to use weed control practices ( such as fire, grazing, or herbicides) to reduce the growth of weeds and allow native plants to grow fire is a natural force in nearly all rangeland ecosystems. for healthy rangelands, fires are often carefully set and controlled (by prescribed burning techniques) RANGE MANAGERS STUDY the basics
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